Ratchet-wrench



T. SEVEREN.

RATCHET WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED APR-16, I919.

Patented Sept. 14,1920.

UN EDLSTT Y rm...

THADDEUS' EY BE FOF RID H LOB T, not-memes,1;;

3 g amme-Ca.

1,352,764. I i I Application filed April 1 6,

To all whom it mag concern: 1 I

Be it known that'I, THADDEUS Snvnni'in, a subject of the King of Sweden,and resident of Bridgeport, in thecounty.of Fair'iield and State ofConnecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inRatchet-trenches, of which the following is a specification. j f f Myinvention relates to ratchetwr'enches, and the object of the inventionisto provide a wrench for screwingnutsfon' and off or bolts which are sosituatedas]to beldiflicult of operation by means of, wrenches of theusual construction owing tolimited space in which tooperate the wrench;A further object of the invention is to provide a denbleended wrenchmagnet end of which is adapted to accommodate two different sizes orstyles of nuts. Further to provide means forworking the Wrench as aratchet wrench in either directlon and finally tofprovide removableshouldered bushings of various sizes which may bedetachably fitted inthe chambers of the headset the wrench,toac'- commodate diiierent sizesof nuts.

With these and other-objects in view the invention resides and consistsin the construction and novel combination and ar-- rangements of partshereinafter more fully described, illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, and pointed out in the claim hereto appended, it beingunderstood that.

various changes in the form, proportion,

, havmg Fig. 3 shows a detached side'view of one of the removablebushings. I

Referring in detail to the characters oii' reference marked upon thedrawings, 5 rep resents the body or handle portion of the wrench and 6the two end or head portions circular chambers 7 formed therein torecelve the removable bushings 8. In this respect it will be noted thatthe coniaia; Serial 9am;

streams; or; the opposite end portionsincludingthe said'bushingsand"mechanisin 'for operating the "same, are-alike 'andthere-' forethesame reference characters will be used to designate the sameparts'in'the two sets so far as they agree with each other,

The. central portionor the wrench is provided with an opening9therethroug'h and in which theknurled heads 10 on the inner ends ofthe: spring actuated p'awls'l l are mounted; I

The bushings are provided with difiernt izjesoclrets 1n thelroppositesi'de portions,

as indicated by 12fand13, one to accommo date 'a'different size "or.shape .of nut from the other. They further includeja series'ojflongitudinal grooves 1'4: in. their "outer surface.

which as will be noted are "shouldered upon two sldes so as to beengaged by the point '15 of the pawl when disposed in either direction.'The bushings further include anan- I nular shoulder 16 upon one endwhich abut's against thesi'de of the heads 6 to support i thebushings:in place. The opposite end portion of thebushing includes an" annulargroove 317 for the [engagement of the fturn button"'l8 rotatablysecuredto thesideioi the handle and having a flat side 19 which when positionedtoward the bushing does not engage'the'said 'grocve'and thus-permits thebushing'to be removed, whereas when positioned as indicated at thebottom of Figs. 1 and 2 will engage the said annular groove and hold thebushing against removal. This turn button is preferably provided with asmall handle 20 whereby it may be turned and rotated upon its pivotalscrew 21. By this means the bushings may readily be slipped out andothers of different size substituted and secured therein by turnstated.v a

The spring actuated pawls 11 are positioned in longitudinal holes 22that extend ing the button to engage the groove as through the'two. endportions from the-central opening?) to the circular chambers 7 formed inthe heads. The outer end of these pawls are cut on an incline seas topermit the bushings when engaged by the pawl 11 to turn in one directionin the circular chamber and to engage oneof the shoulders of thelongitudinal grooves 14in the bushings Upon the intermediate portion ofthe pawls is secured a collar 23 and upon the inner ends are secured theknurled heads 10 before mentioned. Pins 2e are positioned in the innerends of the pawls and adjacent to the heads and are adapted to normallyrest said collar.

If it is desiredto reverse the order ofthe operation of the bushings theoperator simply draws in upon t the head of. the'pawl until the pin 24carried bythepawl is entirely free oifthe slots 25 and then turn theheadand pawl one-half way around so that the pin will again register withtheslots leaving the pin disposed in a directly opposite position. .Theincline'on the outer endof' t the pawl is thus disposed" in an oppositedirection and its shoulder "positioned in alinementto engage theopposite side of the grooves ofthe bushings andin away toturn the samewhen the handlelis operated in ,an opposite direction. I

Having "thus described .my invention,

, What I claim "and desire to-secure'byLetters Patent, is

In a ratchet wrench of-the class described, the combination with .ahandle having a headed end portion-with a cylindricalchamber therein andan opening distant from V the chamber, said handle having aholeiextending therethrough from the opening to the chamber, a bushinghaving .a headed socket formed therein adapted-to fit in the chamber,saidbushing being provided with a seriesof transverse parallel groovesin the I outer' surface, and an annular shoulder upon one end, a turnbutton to hold the bushing in position, said'bushing having an annulargroove in its periphery into which the turn 'button -is received formaintaining; the. bushaingin the handle chamber, the transverse groovesextending "from one end of said bushing and terminating-atthe flange atthe opposite end (thereof with the transverse and annular groovesintersecting at the end of the bushing opposite the flange; the base ofthe "annulargroove being spaced out- 1 wardlyffromthe base of thesaidtransverse grooves,;a pawl mounted in-the hole to engage the grooves'inthe bushing, a collar mounted upon; the pawl. and a collar within thehole ofthe handle 'a spring positioned around the pawl intermediateo'fthej two said collars to normally hold the pawl in. engagement vwiththe bushing, the said' handle having slots ini its opposite sideportions adjacentzto the pawl, a pin mounted in the pawl to engage thesaid slotsand also adapted ,to be shifted'to support-'the pawl out ofengagement withitheibushing and against thelaction of the spring,said'bushing being capable of removal from the handle with the pawl:remaining in, the adjacent transverse-groove.

Signed at Br dgeport, in the county, of

F airfield and *State'ot Connecticut, this 8th day of April, A.13.71919.

.Witnesses:

LILLIAN M. ALLING, C. M. NEWMAN.

IEHADDEUS sEvEREN,

